Current Issue : April-June Volume : 2014 Issue Number : 2 Articles : 2 Articles
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder resulting from a defect in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Data has been revealed that that more than 200 million people worldwide are having DM and almost it will reach to 300 million by 2025. Elevated glucose level in the blood drives to chronic complication which affects kidney, retina, heart and nervous system. Impaired Insulin secretion and its resistance are the fact of Non Insulin dependent DM, where as Insulin deficiency as the factor of Insulin dependent DM. Hormonal replacement therapy (Insulin injection) is must for the later and the former type is managed by oral hypoglycemic agents. Hypoglycemic agents are shortlisted as Secretagogues and Insulin senziters based on their mechanism like stimulation of �Ÿ-cells of pancreas, enhancing the peripheral uptake of glucose, diminishing the Insulin resistance and inhibition of Gluconeogenisis. Glucose absorption in GUT and re-absorption in the kidney were also targeted in order to get a beneficial activity. Prescription of combinational therapy is the recent trends of the physicians to get better results. Since the status is on progress day by day, a better medicament with limited adverse effects should be bloomed to minimize the morbid status....
Application of Organophosphate Pesticides may result common occurrence of OP residues in food crops, natural water systems, soil and atmosphere, which will be the major sources of exposure. The study was conducted on 90 broiler chicks divided into six groups each containing 15 birds to assess the oxidative stress and immunosuppressive effects of Acephate induced toxicity and its amelioration with vitamin E for a period of 42 days and birds were slaughtered at 2nd, 4th and 6th week. The commercial product of Acephate was incorporated @ 85.2 mg/Kg and 170.4 mg/kg of feed and vitamin E was incorporated into diet @ 300 mg/kg feed. Tissue samples of liver and kidney were collected for studies on oxidative stress .\r\nAcephate treated groups resulted significant (P < 0.05) decrease in reduced GSH and increased in TBARS levels in liver and kidneys in toxic groups II and III. Ameliorating groups showed significant (P < 0.05) improvement in above parameters as compared to toxic groups. The present study indicated that Acephate at both the dose rates induced toxicity by generating free radicals in excess and by disturbing the antioxidant defenses. Administration of vitamin E alleviated the oxidative stress induced by Acephate due to its antioxidant property....
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